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Diseases

List of articles on conditions available within the Symptom Finder.



absence> 3 menstrual periods

Amenorrhea (pronounced ey-men-uh-REE-uh or uh-men-uh-REE-uh ) is the medical term for the absence of a period. Amenorrhea is not a disease, but it can be a symptom of another condition. Primary amenorrhea occurs when a girl has not had her first peri...

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Acid lipase disease

Acid lipase disease or deficiency occurs when the enzyme needed to break down certain fats that are normally digested by the body is missing or missing, resulting in the toxic build-up of these fats in the cells and tissues of the body . These fatty ...

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Acne

In acne (pimples), the sebaceous glands in the skin are inflamed. Almost everyone suffers from breakouts at some point in their lives. It starts with greasy secretion of the sebaceous glands most common on the face, neck, back , shoulders and upper...

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Acne (Rosacea)

Rosacea (ro-ZAY-she-ah) is a chronic (or long-term) disease that causes red skin and pimples, usually on the face. It can cause eye problems and, in advanced stages, cause thicker skin. While there is no cure for rosacea, treatments are available to ...

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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is characterized by a brief but widespread attack of inflammation in the brain and spinal cord that damages myelin - the protective covering of nerve fibers. ADEM often follows viral or bacterial infections...

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Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Leukemia is a broad term for cancers of the blood cells. The type of leukemia depends on the type of blood cell that becomes cancer and whether it is growing quickly or slowly. Leukemia is most common in adults over the age of 55, but it is also the ...

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Acute Respiratory distress Syndrome

Also known as acute lung injury, ARDS, non-cardiac pulmonary edema Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious lung condition that causes low levels of oxygen in the blood. People who develop ARDS are usually sick with another illness or ...

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Acute Respiratory distress Syndrome

Also known as acute lung injury, ARDS, non-cardiac pulmonary edema Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious lung condition that causes low levels of oxygen in the blood. People who develop ARDS are usually sick with another illness or ...

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ADHD (Hyperactivity)

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder that affects 3-5 percent of all American children. It hinders a person's ability to stick to a task and exert age-appropriate inhibition (cognitive alone or both cognit...

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Adrenal Cancer

Cancer of the adrenal cortex (also called cancer of the adrenal cortex) is rare. Certain hereditary conditions increase the risk of adrenal cancer....

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Adrenal Disease

Adrenal disorders occur when the adrenal glands produce too much or too little hormone. Adrenal function can also be affected by hormones produced by other glands in the body, such as the pituitary gland, or by hormones introduced from the outside. T...

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Age-related hearing impairment

What is Age-Related Hearing Loss? Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) is the hearing loss that occurs gradually in most of us as we age. It is one of the most common conditions in older and older adults. About one in three people in the United Sta...

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Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC)

Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is one of the many disorders of the corpus callosum, the structure that connects the two hemispheres (left and right) of the brain. In ACC, the corpus callosum is completely or partially absent. It is caused by a...

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Agina pectoris

Also known as Angina Pectoris, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Microvascular Angina, Prinzmetal Angina, Stable Angina, Unstable Angina, Variant Angina, Vasospastic Angina, Cardiac Syndrome X Learn and español Angina is chest pain or discomfort that occurs ...

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Agnosia

Agnosia is a rare condition characterized by an inability to recognize and identify objects or people. People with agnosia may have difficulty recognizing the geometrical features of an object or face or perceive the geometrical features but not know...

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Aicardi syndrome

Aicardi syndrome is a rare genetic condition that mainly affects newborn girls. The condition is sporadic, meaning it is not known to pass from parent to child. (An exception is a report of two sisters and a pair of identical twins, all affected.) Th...

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Aicardi-Goutièresyndroom (AGS)

Aicardi-Goutieres Syndrome (AGS) is a hereditary encephalopathy that affects newborn babies and usually results in severe mental and physical disability. There are two forms of the syndrome: an early-onset form that is severe and a late-onset form th...

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Alexander's disease

Alexander's disease belongs to a group of neurological conditions known as the leukodystrophies. Leukodystrophies are conditions that result from abnormalities in myelin, the "white matter" that protects nerve fibers in the brain. In Al...

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Allergy

What is an allergy? In an allergic reaction, the human immune system, also known as the immune system, reacts to substances to which it should not react. The substances that people react to in such a case are also called allergens. Examples of ...

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Allergy checker

From now on you can find out faster which allergy best suits your symptoms. Within the symptom finder, you can determine which allergy best suits your symptoms, based on 2 feeds or symptoms. See here for the complete list of allergies....

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Alopecia Areata

Alopecia areata is a disease that causes round patches of hair loss. It can lead to total hair loss. Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease. That means that your immune system, which normally helps protect the body against infection and disease, is...

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Alopecia cicatricialis (hair loss)

Cicatricial alopecia, also called scarred alopecia, is a group of rare conditions that destroy hair follicles, the part of the skin from which hair grows. The follicles are replaced with scar tissue, causing permanent hair loss. Symptoms Hair loss ca...

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Alpers disease

Alpers disease is a progressive neurological mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome characterized by three concurrent clinical symptoms: psychomotor regression (dementia); to attack; and liver disease. It is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a m...

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Alpha-1 antitrypsinedeficiëntie

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic condition that increases your risk of lung disease and other diseases. AAT is a protein. If you don't make enough AAT, your lungs are more likely to be damaged by cigarette smoking or environmenta...

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Alternate hemiplegia

Alternating hemiplegia is a rare neurological condition that develops in childhood, usually before the child is 18 months old. The condition is characterized by recurrent episodes of paralysis involving one or both sides of the body, multiple limbs, ...

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Alternating Hemiplegia

Alternating hemiplegia is a rare neurological condition that develops in childhood, usually before the child is 18 months old. The condition is characterized by recurrent episodes of paralysis involving one or both sides of the body, multiple limbs, ...

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Alzheimer

Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking, and ultimately the ability to perform the simplest tasks. It is the most common cause of dementia in older adults. Although dementia becom...

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Amblyopia (Lazy eye)

What is Amblyopia? Amblyopia (also called lazy eye) is a type of poor vision that affects only one eye. It develops when there is a malfunction in the way the brain and eye work together, and the brain cannot recognize the vision of one eye. Over ti...

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressing, deadly disease that affects the nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary muscle movement. Our voluntary muscles produce movements such as walking, breathin...

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And coli

Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria live in the intestines of humans and animals and are key to a healthy intestinal tract. Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some can cause diarrhea from contact with contaminated food or water, while other strai...

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Anemia

Anemia is a condition where your blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein that helps red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. When you are anemic, your b...

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Anencephalie

Anencephaly is a defect in the closure of the neural tube during fetal development. The neural tube is a narrow channel that folds and closes between the 3rd and 4th week of pregnancy to form the brain and spinal cord of the embryo. Anencephaly occur...

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Aneurysm

Also known as Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA), Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) An aneurysm is a balloon-like bulge in an artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood from your heart to your organs. Aortic aneurysms are aneurysms that occur in t...

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Angelman syndrome

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a genetic condition that causes neurological and psychological problems, including seizures, difficult behavior, movement disorders and sleep problems. Gastrointestinal, orthopedic and eye problems are also often present. Ba...

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Anophthalmia - microphthalmia

What are anophthalmia and microfthalmia? Anophthalmia and microfthalmia are often used interchangeably. Microphthalmia is a condition where one or both eyes are abnormally small, while anophthalmia is the absence of one or both eyes. These rare condi...

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Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)

Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease caused when antibodies - cells of the immune system that fight bacteria and viruses - mistakenly attack healthy body tissues and organs. In APS, specific antibodies activate the inner wall of b...

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Anuskanker

The number of anal cancer cases has increased in recent decades. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main risk factor for anal cancer....

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Aphasia

Aphasia is a neurological condition caused by damage to the parts of the brain responsible for language production or processing. It can come on suddenly or progressively, depending on the type and location of the brain tissue involved. Primary signs...

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Aplastic anemia

Also known as bone marrow failure Aplastic anemia is a rare but serious blood disorder that occurs when your bone marrow cannot make enough new blood cells for your body to function normally. Aplastic anemia occurs as a result of damage to stem cells...

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Apraxia / dyspraxia

Apraxia (termed "dyspraxia" when mild) is a neurological condition characterized by a loss of the ability to perform or perform skillful movements and gestures, despite the desire and physical ability to perform them. Apraxia results from d...

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Arachnoid cysts

Arachnoid cysts are sacs filled with cerebrospinal fluid located between the brain or spinal cord and the arachnoid membrane, one of three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Primary arachnoid cysts are present at birth and are the result...

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Arachnoiditis

Arachnoiditis is caused by the inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the spinal cord. The arachnoid can become inflamed from irritation from chemicals, infection from bacteria or viruses, as a res...

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Are symptom seekers reliable?

More and more people search the internet for possible diagnoses prior to the doctor's visit. But is this actually wise and what are the right tools? Below we provide a list of articles that we have come across in recent years on this topic. ## ...

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Arnold Chiari Syndrome

Chiari malformations (CMs) are structural defects in the base of the skull and cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls balance. When part of the cerebellum extends through the opening at the base of the skull, the cerebellum and brain stem ca...

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Artery Disease - Atherosclerosis

Also known as arteriosclerosis, hardening of arteries Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque builds up in your blood vessels. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances found in the blood. Over time, plaque hardens and ...

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Arthritis

"Arthritis" literally means joint inflammation. Although joint inflammation is a symptom or sign rather than a specific diagnosis, the term arthritis is often used to refer to a condition that affects the joints. Joints are places where two...

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Asperger's syndrome

Asperger's syndrome (AS) is a developmental disorder. It is an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), one of a distinct group of neurological disorders characterized by a greater or lesser degree of deterioration in language and communication skills, as...

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Asthma

Asthma is a chronic (long-term) condition that affects the airways in the lungs. The airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the airways can sometimes become inflamed and narrow. Asthma affects people of all age...

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Ataxia

Ataxia often occurs when parts of the nervous system that control movement are damaged. People with ataxia experience a lack of muscle control in their arms and legs, which results in a lack of balance and coordination or gait disturbance. While the ...

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Ataxia-telangiectasia

Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare neurological disease in children that causes degeneration in the part of the brain that controls motor movements and speech. The first signs of the disease are shaky walking and slurred speech, usually during the first...

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Athlete's foot

What is athlete's foot? Athlete's foot is a fungal infection on the stratum corneum of the skin, which usually occurs between the toes.Studies show that about 20% of Dutch people occasionally suffer from this condition. Causes Regular warm and moi...

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Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis, often referred to as eczema, is a chronic (long-term) disease that causes inflammation, redness and irritation of the skin. It is a very common condition that usually starts in childhood; however, anyone can get the disease. Atopic...

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Atopic eczema

Atopic dermatitis, also called eczema, is a non-contagious inflammatory skin condition. It is a chronic disease characterized by dry, itchy skin that can weep clear liquid when scratched. People with eczema can also be particularly susceptible to bac...

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Atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common types of arrhythmias, which are irregular heart rhythms. Atrial fibrillation causes your heart to beat much faster than normal. Also, the upper and lower chambers of your heart don't work together as ...

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition characterized by an ongoing pattern of inattention and / or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Inattention means that a person strays from task, la...

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Auditory neuropathy

What is Auditory Neuropathy? Auditory neuropathy is a hearing disorder in which the inner ear successfully detects sound but has problems transmitting sound from the ear to the brain. It can affect people of all ages from infancy to adulthood. The nu...

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Auditory processing disorder

Auditory processing disorder (APD) describes a condition in which people have difficulty understanding the sounds around them. The NIDCD maintains a list of organizations that may be able to answer questions and provide printed or electronic informat...

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Autism

ASD is a complex developmental disorder that affects how a person behaves, interacts with others, communicates and learns. NICHD is one of several federal agencies and NIH institutes working to understand ASD. NICHD supports and researches what cause...

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Auto-inflammatory

Your immune system is the network of cells and tissues throughout your body that work together to protect you from viruses, bacteria and infections. It tries to identify, kill and eliminate the intruders that could hurt you. Parts of the immune syste...

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Autoimmune disease

Your immune system is the network of cells and tissues throughout your body that work together to protect you from viruses, bacteria and infections. It tries to identify, kill and eliminate the intruders that could hurt you. What happens in autoimmun...

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Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)

Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a rare genetic disorder of the immune system first described by NIH scientists in the mid 1990s that affects both children and adults. In ALPS, unusually high numbers of white blood cells called lymph...

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AVM (blood vessel malformation)

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal, tangled tangles of blood vessels that cause multiple irregular connections between the arteries and veins. These malformations most often occur in the spinal cord and in any part of the brain or on its...

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Backache

Back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the United States. It can range from a dull, constant pain to a sudden, sharp pain. Sometimes it can come on suddenly - from an accident, a fall, or lifting something heavy, or it can develop sl...

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Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age. It increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections and may play a role in preterm labor. The NICHD is one of several federal agencies and NIH institutes...

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Barth syndrome (BTHS)

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare genetic disorder of lipid metabolism that primarily affects men. It is caused by a mutation in the tafazzin gene (TAZ, also called G4.5) that leads to decreased production of an enzyme needed to produce cardiolipin. Ca...

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Batten disease

Batten's disease is the name for a group of inherited nervous system disorders that usually start in childhood and interfere with a cell's ability to recycle a cellular residue called lipofuscin. Batten is often used to describe the many form...

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BBT-test (Basal Body Temperature-test)

Broda Barnes described a simple and accurate test in 1976 to diagnose an underactive or overactive thyroid. This is because these abnormalities are often missed when performing a blood test, with all the associated consequences. How is the test g...

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Behcet syndrome

Behçet's disease is a chronic condition that causes mouth or genital ulcers and inflammation in parts of the eye. In some people, the disease also causes arthritis (swollen, painful, stiff joints), skin problems and inflammation of the digestive...

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Bells palsy, (Bell's palsy)

Bell's palsy is a form of temporary facial paralysis resulting from damage or trauma to the 7th cranial nerve, one of the facial nerves. It is the most common cause of facial paralysis. In general, Bell's palsy affects only one side of the fa...

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Benign Essential Blepharospasm (BEB)

Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasm of the eyelid muscles. It is a form of dystonia, a movement disorder in which muscle contractions lead to persisten...

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Bietti's crystalline dystrophy (BCD)

What is Bietti's crystalline dystrophy? Bietti's crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is an inherited eye disease named after Dr. GB Bietti, an Italian ophthalmologist who described three patients with similar symptoms in 1937. This disease is also kn...

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Bile duct cancer

Liver cancer includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma). Risk factors for HCC include chronic infection with hepatitis B or C and cirrhosis of the liver....

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Bindvliesontsteking (conjunctivitis)

Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, causes swelling and redness on the inside of your eyelid and the white part of your eye. Your eye may also be itchy and painful. Pink eyes are common and some types of pink eyes spread very easily. You can avoid spreadin...

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Binswanger's disease (BD)

Binswanger's disease (BD), also called subcortical vascular dementia , is a form of dementia caused by widespread, microscopic damage to the deep layers of white matter in the brain. The damage results from the thickening and narrowing (atheroscl...

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Birth defects

Birth defects are structural (how the body is built) or functional (how the body works) abnormalities present at birth that can cause physical disabilities, intellectual and developmental disabilities, and other health problems. This information focu...

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Bladder cancer

The most common form of bladder cancer is transitional cell carcinoma, also called urothelial carcinoma. Smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer. Bladder cancer is often diagnosed at an early stage....

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Blepharitis - inflamed eyelid

Blepharitis is a common eye condition where your eyelids are red, swollen, irritated, and itchy. It can cause crunchy dandruff flakes on your lashes. Blepharitis can be uncomfortable. But it is not contagious and usually does not cause permanent dam...

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Blepharospasm

Blepharospasm (also called benign essential blepharospasm) is blinking or other eyelid movements, such as twitching, that you cannot control. Eyelid twitches usually go away on their own. But people with benign essential blepharospasm can develop se...

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Blood flow disorder

Also known as Hemophilia, Von Willebrand disease, Coagulation Disorders, Coagulation Disorders, Coagulation Factor Deficiencies Bleeding disorders are rare conditions that affect the way the body regulates blood clotting. If your blood doesn't cl...

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Bone decalcification (osteoporosis)

Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when bone mineral density and bone mass decrease, or when the quality or structure of bone changes. This can lead to a decrease in bone strength which can increase the risk of fractures (broken bones). Osteo...

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Borderline

Borderline personality disorder is a disease characterized by a constant pattern of changing moods, self-image and behavior. These symptoms often result in impulsive actions and problems in relationships. People with borderline personality disorder c...

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Botanicals

Bone cancer is rare and includes several types. Some bone cancers, including osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, are most often seen in children and young adults....

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Brachial Plexus Injury

The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that carry signals from the spine to the shoulder, arm, and hand. Brachial plexus injuries are caused by damage to those nerves. Possible symptoms are a limp or paralyzed arm; lack of muscle control in the a...

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Brain injury (from trauma)

TBI is an injury from a type of trauma, such as a blow, shock, or penetrating object, that disrupts normal brain functions. Falls, car accidents, collisions during exercise, and objects piercing the skull are common causes of TBI. A TBI can range fro...

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Brain tumor

Brain and spinal cord tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the skull or bony spine. The brain and spinal cord are the main components of the central nervous system (CNS). Benign tumors are non-cancerous and malignant tumors are cancerous. The CNS...

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women after skin cancer. Mammograms can detect breast cancer early, possibly before it has spread....

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Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis (brong-ke-EK-ta-sis) is a condition in which damage to the airways causes them to dilate, floppy and scar. The airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. Bronchiectasis usually results from an infection or other conditi...

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Bronchitus

Bronchitis is a condition in which the airways in the lungs called bronchi become inflamed and cause coughing, often with mucus. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. When you breathe in, air passes through your airways, called your bronchi and bronchi...

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Also known as lung development arrest, evolving chronic lung disease, neonatal chronic lung disease, respiratory failure Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or BPD, is a serious lung condition that affects newborns. BPD mainly affects premature newborns who ...

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Brown Sequard Syndrome (BSS)

Brown-Sequard syndrome (BSS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by a lesion in the spinal cord that leads to weakness or paralysis (hemiparaplegia) on one side of the body and loss of sensation (hemianesthesia) on the other. BSS can be ca...

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Brughoektumor (vestibular schwannoma)

A vestibular schwannoma (also known as acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurinoma, or acoustic neurilemoma) is a benign, usually slow-growing tumor that develops from the balance and hearing nerves supplying the inner ear. The tumor comes from an overprodu...

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Bursitis

Bursitis is the inflammation of the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between a bone and other moving parts, such as muscles, tendons, or skin. In bursitis, the bursa turns red and fluid increases, causing swelling and pain. Symp...

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CADASIL (Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy)

CADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy) is an inherited form of cerebrovascular disease that occurs when the thickening of the blood vessel walls blocks blood flow to the brain. The disease...

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Canavan disease

Canavan's disease is a gene-linked neurological disorder in which the brain degenerates into spongy tissue dotted with microscopic fluid-filled spaces. Canavan's disease is classified as one of a group of genetic conditions known as the leuko...

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Cancer in children

A cancer diagnosis is troubling at any age, but especially if the patient is a child. It is normal to have many questions such as: Who should treat my child? Will my child get better? What does all this mean for our family? Not all questions have an ...

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Cancers in children

A cancer diagnosis is troubling at any age, but especially if the patient is a child. It is normal to have many questions such as: Who should treat my child? Will my child get better? What does all of this mean for our family? Not all questions have ...

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Carcinoma of unknown primary

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) occurs when cancer cells have spread in the body and formed metastatic tumors, but the location of the primary cancer is unknown....

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Cardiac arrest - Heart failure

Also known as cardiac arrest, sudden cardiac death Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a condition in which the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. When this happens, blood stops flowing to the brain and other vital organs. SCA usually causes d...

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Cardiogenic shock

Also known as heart shock Cardiogenic shock is a serious condition that occurs when your heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to the brain, kidneys, and other vital organs. Cardiogenic shock is considered a medical emergency and must be treated ...

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Cardioversies

Cardioversion is called defibrillation when it is done in an emergency to prevent death from potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias that can lead to sudden cardiac arrest. Alternatively, your doctor may schedule cardioversion as a way to treat arr...

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Caries (tooth decay)

Tooth decay (caries) is damage to a tooth that can occur when decay-causing bacteria in your mouth make acids that attack the tooth surface or enamel. This can lead to a small hole in a tooth called a cavity. If left untreated, tooth decay can cause ...

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Carotid heart disease

Carotid artery disease is a disease in which a waxy substance called plaque builds up in the carotid arteries. You have two common carotid arteries, one on each side of your neck. They each divide into internal and external carotid arteries. The inte...

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Carpaletunnelsyndroom (RSI)

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm to the palm, is pressed or pinched against the wrist. The carpal tunnel is a narrow, rigid passageway of ligament and bones at the base of the hand that houses the...

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Central cord syndrome

Central cord syndrome is the most common form of incomplete spinal cord injury characterized by deterioration of the arms and hands and, to a lesser extent, the legs. The brain's ability to send and receive signals to and from parts of the body b...

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Central pain syndrome

Central pain syndrome is a neurological condition caused by damage or dysfunction of the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord. This syndrome can be caused by stroke, multiple sclerosis, tumors, epilepsy,...

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Centrale pontine myelinolyse (CPM)

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a neurological condition that most often occurs after too rapid medical correction of sodium deficiency (hyponatraemia). The rapid rise in sodium concentration is accompanied by the movement of small molecules an...

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Cerebellaire hypoplasie

Cerebellar hypoplasia is a neurological condition in which the cerebellum is smaller than normal or not fully developed. Cerebellar hypoplasia is a hallmark of a number of congenital (present at birth) malformation syndromes, such as Walker-Warburg s...

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Cerebellar degeneration

Cerebellar degeneration is a process by which neurons (nerve cells) in the cerebellum - the area of the brain that controls coordination and balance - deteriorate and die. Diseases that cause cerebellar degeneration can also involve other parts of th...

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Cerebral aneurysm

A cerebral aneurysm is a weak or thin spot on a blood vessel in the brain that pops out like a balloon and fills with blood. A cerebral aneurysm can press on a nerve or surrounding tissue in the brain and also leak or burst, releasing blood into surr...

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Cerebral atrophy

Cerebral atrophy is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain. Atrophy of any tissue means loss of cells. In brain tissue, atrophy describes a loss of neurons and the connections between them. Atrophy can be generalized, meaning ...

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Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (CCMs)

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular lesions made up of clusters of tightly packed, abnormally thin-walled small blood vessels (capillaries) that displace normal neurological tissue in the brain or spinal cord. The blood vessels are f...

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Cerebral hypoxia

Cerebral hypoxia refers to a condition in which the oxygen supply to the brain decreases even though there is adequate blood flow. Drowning, strangulation, suffocation, suffocation, cardiac arrest, head trauma, carbon monoxide poisoning, and complica...

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Cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy (pronounced suh-REE-bruhl or SER-uh-bruhl PAWL-zee) describes a group of neurological disorders that start in childhood or early childhood and mainly affect exercise, but in more severe cases may also be associated with intellectual di...

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Cerebrale arteriosclerosis

Cerebral arteriosclerosis results from thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries in the brain. Symptoms of cerebral arteriosclerosis are headache, facial pain and visual impairment. Cerebral arteriosclerosis can cause serious health probl...

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Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome (COFS)

Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome (COFS) is a pediatric genetic degenerative disease involving the brain and spinal cord. It is characterized by craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities, severely reduced muscle tone, and decreased reflexes. Sympto...

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Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is almost always caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV)....

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Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most common inherited neurological disorders and almost all cases are hereditary. CMT damages the peripheral nerves of the body, preventing them from activating muscles or sending sensory information fr...

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Chicken-pox

Smallpox, caused by the variola virus, was a highly contagious infectious disease that caused infected individuals to develop a fever and a progressive, disfiguring rash. Three out of ten people infected with smallpox died. Many survivors have perman...

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Cholera

Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by infection of the gut with the bacteria Vibrio cholerae. There are an estimated 3-5 million cases and more than 100,000 deaths worldwide every year. The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but c...

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Chorea

Chorea is an abnormal involuntary movement disorder, one of a group of neurological conditions called dyskinesias caused by overactivity of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the areas of the brain that control movement. Chorea is characterized by shor...

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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a neurological condition characterized by progressive weakness and decreased sensory function in the legs and arms. The condition, sometimes called chronic recurrent polyneuropathy, is cause...

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Chronic pain

While acute pain is a normal feeling triggered in the nervous system to alert you to potential injury and the need to take care of yourself, chronic pain is different. Chronic pain persists. Pain signals keep firing into the nervous system for weeks,...

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Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI)

Cerebral visual impairment (also called cortical visual impairment or CVI) is a condition caused by damage to the parts of the brain that process vision. It is most common in infants and young children, but can continue into adulthood. A child with ...

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Circadian arrhythmias

Also known as sleep-wake cycle disorders Circadian rhythm disturbances are problems that occur when your sleep-wake cycle is not well adapted to your environment and interferes with your daily activities. You have a biological clock that controls the...

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Cleft lip (cleft lip)

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate is one of the most common birth defects. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that in the United States: About 1 in 1,600 babies are born with a cleft lip and cleft palate About 1 in 2,8...

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Coffin Lowry syndrome

Coffin-Lowry syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by craniofacial (head and face) and skeletal abnormalities, delayed intellectual development, short stature and hypotonia. Characteristic facial features include an underdeveloped maxilla...

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Collapsed lung

Also known as collapsed lung Atelectasis is a condition in which the airways and air sacs in the lung collapse or do not expand properly. Atelectasis can occur when there is an airway blockage, when pressure outside the lung prevents it from expandin...

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Collision and children

Driving involves risks for any driver. But for teens, motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death. Since teens and other inexperienced drivers are still developing their sanity behind the wheel, they are especially likely to risk driving. ...

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Coloboom

Coloboma comes from a Greek word meaning "curtailed". It is used to describe conditions where normal tissue in or around the eye is missing from birth. To understand coloboma, it is helpful to be familiar with the normal structure and appe...

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Colon cancer

Colorectal cancer often starts as a growth called a polyp in the colon or rectum. Finding and removing polyps can prevent colorectal cancer....

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Colon polyps

Colon polyps are growths on the lining of your colon and rectum. You can have more than one colon polyp. Are colon polyps cancerous? Colon and rectal cancer - also called colorectal cancer NIH external link - usually starts as polyps. Most polyps are...

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Color blindness

If you have color blindness, it means that you see colors differently from most people. Usually color blindness makes it difficult to tell the difference between certain colors. Most of the time, color blindness runs in families. There is no cure, b...

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Colpocephalie

Colpocephaly is a congenital brain defect in which the occipital horns - the posterior or posterior part of the lateral ventricles (cavities) of the brain - are larger than normal because the white matter in the posterior cerebrum has not developed o...

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Coma

A coma, also called a persistent vegetative state, is a deep or deep state of unconsciousness. Persistent vegetative state is not brain death. A person is living in a coma, but cannot move or react to his or her environment. Coma can occur as a compl...

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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a condition characterized by severe, long-lasting chronic pain (longer than six months) that can be constant. Symptoms vary in intensity and duration. Some people describe it as a burning sensation, a pinprick...

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Congenital muscular dystrophy

MD refers to a group of more than 30 genetic diseases characterized by muscle weakness and loss, leading to decreased motor function and coordination. MD progresses or gets worse over time. Some forms of MD appear in childhood or childhood, while oth...

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Congenital myopathy

Myopathy is a muscle condition that usually results in weakness. Congenital myopathy refers to a group of muscle disorders that occur at birth or in childhood. Typically, a baby with congenital myopathy will be "floppy", have difficulty bre...

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Congenital Pachyonychia

Pachyonychia congenita is a very rare genetic condition that mainly affects the skin and nails. The disorder is usually seen from birth or early in life, and affects people of both sexes and all racial and ethnic groups. What happens with pachyonychi...

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Convergence insufficiency (CI)

Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a condition in which a person's eyes tend to drift outward when looking at objects at close distances, and their ability to converge (turn the eyes towards each other) is insufficient . People with CI can develo...

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COPD

Also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema COPD, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a progressive disease that makes breathing difficult. Progressive means that the disease gets worse over time. COPD can cause a cough pr...

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Corneal disease

The cornea is the clear, outermost layer on the front of the eye. The cornea helps your eye focus the light so you can see clearly. What are the main types of corneal disease? There are several common conditions that affect the cornea . Injuries . S...

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Coronary artery disease

Also known as coronary artery disease, coronary microvascular disease, coronary syndrome X, ischemic heart disease, non-obstructive coronary artery disease, obstructive coronary artery disease Heart disease is a collective term for a variety of condi...

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Correct syndrome

Rett syndrome is a neurological and genetic developmental disorder that mainly affects women. Babies with Rett syndrome appear to grow and develop normally at first, but then they stop developing and even lose skills at various stages of the disease ...

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Corticobasal degeneration

Corticobasal degeneration is a progressive neurological condition characterized by loss of nerve cells and atrophy (shrinkage) of multiple areas of the brain, including the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. Corticobasal degeneration is gradual. The ...

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Cough

A cough is your body's natural reflex to clear irritants from your airways and prevent infection. Common irritants are smoke, mucus, or allergens such as pollen, mold, or dust. Some medical conditions or drugs irritate the nerve endings in your a...

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COVID-19

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that usually cause mild to moderate upper respiratory illnesses, such as the common cold. However, three new coronaviruses have emerged from animal reservoirs in the past two decades, causing serious and wi...

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COVID-19 overview

On this page you can find how to recognize, prevent and treat COVID-19 (Corona). Introduction A new coronavirus, also known as SARS-CoV-2, started in December 2019 in the Wuhan region of China. This virus can cause the disease COVID-19. U...

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Craniosynostose

Craniosynostosis is a birth defect of the skull characterized by the premature closure of one or more of the fibrous joints between the bones of the skull (called the cranial sutures) before brain growth is complete. Closure of a single suture is mos...

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Creutzfeldt-Jakob, disease

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, degenerative, fatal brain disease. Symptoms usually start around the age of 60. There are three main categories of CJD: sporadic (the most common form, where people have no known risk factors for the disease...

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Crohn's disease - (chronic inflammatory bowel disease)

Crohn's disease is a chronic disease that causes inflammation and irritation in your digestive tract. Most of the time, Crohn's affects your small intestine and the beginning of your colon. However, the disease can affect any part of your dig...

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CT scan of the chest

Also called chest CT , X-Ray Computed Tomography (CT x) , computed axial tomography scan (CAT scan) A chest CT scan is a more detailed type of chest X-ray. This painless imaging test takes many detailed pictures, called slices, of your lungs and the ...

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Cushing syndrome

Cushing's syndrome (also called hypercortisolism) is a condition that occurs when a person's body is exposed to too much of the hormone cortisol or a drug similar to cortisol for too long. The syndrome is usually caused by taking certain dru...

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Cystic fibrosis

Also known as CF Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition that affects a protein in the body. People with cystic fibrosis have a faulty protein that attacks the body's cells, tissues, and the glands that produce mucus and sweat. Mucus is norma...

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Cysts (kidneys)

Simple kidney cysts are fluid-filled sacs or cysts that can form in one or both kidneys. You can have only one cyst or you can have many. Simple kidney cysts are usually round or oval in shape. They can range from the size of a pea to the size of a g...

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Dandy-Walker syndrome

Dandy-Walker syndrome is a congenital malformation of the brain involving the cerebellum (an area of ​​the back of the brain that coordinates movement) and the fluid-filled spaces around it. The main features of this syndrome are an enlargement o...

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Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Also known as blood clots, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE). Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition that includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep...

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Dementia

Dementia is the loss of cognitive functioning - thinking, remembering, and reasoning - and behavioral ability to the extent that it interferes with a person's daily life and activities. These functions include memory, language skills, visual perc...

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Dengue fever

Dengue fever is an infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes and caused by one of four related dengue viruses. This disease used to be called "fracture" fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels as if bone...

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Depression

What is depression? With depression you suffer from a gloomy feeling for a longer time than 2 weeks. You do not feel like doing something, you can have little of others and are easily angry. There are different types of depression, each with its ow...

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Depression (manic)

Bipolar disorder (previously called manic-depressive illness or manic depression) is a mental disorder that causes unusual changes in mood, energy, activity level, concentration, and the ability to perform daily tasks. There are three types of bipol...

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Developmental delay

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs) are a primary focus of the NICHD's research support. IDDs encompass a variety of different types of disabilities and conditions, including those that affect the nervous system, metabolism and cel...

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Diabetes - Diabetes

Diabetes is a condition in which the body's blood sugar and the hormone insulin are out of balance. It is one of the most common diseases in the United States, and the number is constantly increasing. There are three main types of diabetes: Type...

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Diabetic (retinopathy)

Diabetic retinopathy is an eye condition that can cause vision loss and blindness in people with diabetes. It affects the blood vessels in the retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of your eye). If you have diabetes, it is importan...

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Diffuse intravascular coagulation

Also known as consumption coagulopathy Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rare but serious condition that causes abnormal clotting by the body's blood vessels. It is caused by another disease or condition, such as an infection or i...

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Disease process of the future

A disease process is quite simple in theory, but in practice we see that the step between diagnosis and treatment is often accompanied by "trial and errors". Think of searching for the correct diagnosis with the corresponding treatment ##. This disea...

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Disruptieve stemmingsontregelingsstoornis (DMDD)

Disruptive mood disorder (DMDD) is a childhood condition of extreme irritability, anger, and frequent, intense outbursts of anger. DMDD symptoms go beyond being a 'moody' child - children with DMDD experience severe disability that requires c...

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Donate blood

Also known as Giving Blood, Donating Blood, Blood Drive, Apheresis Volunteer blood donation is a safe and simple procedure in which a donor gives one of the following blood products: whole blood, red blood cells, plasma, or platelets. Volunteers dona...

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Down's syndrome

Down syndrome is a set of cognitive and physical symptoms that result from having an extra chromosome 21 or an extra piece of that chromosome. It is the most common chromosomal cause of mild to moderate intellectual disability. People with Down synd...

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Dravet syndrome

Formerly called severe childhood myoclonic epilepsy (SMEI), Dravet syndrome is an epilepsy syndrome that starts in childhood or early childhood and can include a spectrum of symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Children with Dravet syndrome initiall...

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Dry eyes

Dry eyes occur when your eyes don't tear enough to stay wet, or when your tears aren't working properly. This can make your eyes feel uncomfortable and in some cases it can also cause vision problems. Dry eyes are common - it affects million...

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Dry mouth

Saliva, or saliva, is made by the salivary glands and is very important for a healthy mouth. It moisturizes and breaks down food, flushes food particles from teeth and gums, and helps people swallow. In addition, saliva contains minerals such as calc...

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Dysautonomia

Dysautonomia refers to a disorder of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function that typically involves failure of the sympathetic or parasympathetic components of the ANS, but dysautonomia with excessive or overactive ANS actions may also occur. Dysaut...

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Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica

Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica refers to a collection of rare degenerative neurological disorders characterized by epilepsy, cognitive impairment, myoclonus and progressive ataxia. Symptoms include seizures, tremor and decreased muscle coordinat...

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Dystonias

Dystonias are movement disorders in which sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. The movements, which are involuntary and sometimes painful, can affect a single muscle; a group of muscles such as t...

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Ear infection

What is an ear infection? An ear infection is inflammation of the middle ear, usually caused by bacteria, that occurs when fluid builds up behind the eardrum. Anyone can get an ear infection, but children get them more often than adults. Five out of ...

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Eating Disorder

There is a common misconception that eating disorders are a lifestyle choice. Eating disorders are, in fact, serious and often fatal illnesses that are associated with serious disturbances in people's eating behavior and the associated thoughts a...

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Ebola virus

Ebola virus disease, first recognized in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1976, is a serious and often fatal disease in humans and non-human primates. Four of the six known virus species of the Ebola virus genus are known to infect humans and caus...

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Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)

Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) is a condition involving the sella turcica , a bony structure at the base of the brain that surrounds and protects the pituitary gland. ESS is often discovered during radiological imaging tests for pituitary gland condition...

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Encefalitis Lethargica

Lethargic encephalitis is a disease characterized by high fever, headache, double vision, delayed physical and mental response, and lethargy. In acute cases, patients can fall into a coma. Patients may also experience abnormal eye movements, upper bo...

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Encephaloceles

Encephaloceles are rare neural tube defects characterized by sac-like projections of the brain and the membranes that cover them through openings in the skull. These defects are caused by the neural tube not closing completely during fetal developmen...

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Encephalopathy (infantile)

Encephalopathy is a term for any diffuse brain disease that changes brain function or structure. Encephalopathy can be caused by an infectious agent (bacteria, virus or prion), metabolic or mitochondrial dysfunction, brain tumor or increased pressure...

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Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a disease in which tissue resembling the lining of the uterus grows elsewhere in the body. The word endometriosis comes from the word "endometrium" - endo means "inside" and metrium means "womb," where a...

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Epidermolysis bullosa

Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of rare diseases that make the skin fragile and easily blister. Tears, sores, and blisters form in the skin when something rubs or bumps the skin. & nbsp; They can be anywhere on the body. In severe cases, blisters ...

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epilepsy

Epilepsy is a spectrum of brain disorders ranging from serious, life-threatening and disabling to much more benign. In epilepsy, the normal pattern of neuronal activity is disrupted, leading to strange sensations, emotions and behavior or sometimes c...

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Epileptic spasm

An epileptic spasm is a specific type of seizure seen in childhood and childhood epilepsy syndrome, often referred to as West syndrome. These are more commonly referred to as infantile spasms (IS), as they are most often seen in the first year of lif...

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Erb-Duchenne and Dejerine-Klumpke Palsies

The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that carry signals from the spine to the shoulder, arm, and hand. Brachial plexus injuries are caused by damage to those nerves. Erb-Duchenne (Erb's) paralysis refers to paralysis of the upper brachial p...

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Erectile dysfunction (erectile dysfunction)

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition where you cannot get or keep an erection firm enough for satisfactory sexual intercourse. ED can be a short or long term problem. You have ED if you can sometimes get an erection, but not every time you want t...

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Esophageal cancer

The most common forms of esophageal cancer are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. These two forms of esophageal cancer usually develop in different parts of the esophagus and are driven by different genetic changes....

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Essential tremor

Tremor is an unintentional, somewhat rhythmic muscle movement that involves back and forth movements (oscillations) of one or more parts of the body. Essential tremor (previously called benign essential tremor) is the most common form of abnormal tre...

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Extracraniële kiemceltumoren

Extracranial germ cell tumors are tumors that arise from germ cells (fetal cells that give rise to sperm and eggs) and can form in many parts of the body. They are most common in teens and can often be cured....

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Extragonadale kiemceltumoren

Extragonadal germ cell tumors arise from germ cells (fetal cells that give rise to sperm and eggs). Extragonadal germ cell tumors form outside the gonads (testicles and ovaries)....

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Eye cylinder abnormality (astigmatism)

What Is Astigmatism? Astigmatism is a common eye problem that can make your vision blurry or distorted. It happens when your cornea (the clear front layer of your eye) or lens (an inner part of your eye that helps focus the eye) has a different shape...

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Fabry disease

Fabry disease (also called alpha-galactosidase A deficiency) is caused by a lack or defective enzyme needed to metabolize lipids, fatty substances such as oils, waxes and fatty acids. The mutated gene allows lipids to build up to harmful levels in th...

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Fahr's syndrome

Fahr's syndrome is a rare, genetically dominant, inherited neurological disorder characterized by abnormal deposits of calcium in areas of the brain that control movement, including the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex. Symptoms of the condition...

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Familial periodic paralysis

Familial periodic paralysis is a group of inherited neurological disorders caused by mutations in genes that regulate sodium and calcium channels in nerve cells. They are characterized by episodes in which the affected muscles are floppy, weak, and u...

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Fanconi anemia

Also known as Fanconi's Anemia, FA Fanconi anemia is a rare but serious blood disease that prevents your bone marrow from making enough new blood cells for your body to function normally. It can also cause your bone marrow, the spongy tissue in y...

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Farber's disease

Farber's disease, also known as Farber's lipogranulomatosis, describes a group of hereditary metabolic disorders called lipid storage diseases, in which excess amounts of lipids (oils, fatty acids and related compounds) build up to harmful le...

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Farsightedness (difficulty seeing up close)

Farsightedness is a refractive error that makes nearby objects appear blurry. It happens when the shape of the eye focuses light behind the retina (a light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of your eye), instead of onto it. Read more about refra...

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fear

Occasional fear is an expected part of life. You may feel anxious when faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or before making an important decision. But anxiety disorders involve more than temporary worry or fear. For a person with an a...

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Febrile seizures

Febrile seizures are convulsions or fits in infants or small children caused by a fever or febrile illness. The seizures can come before the fever. Usually during a febrile seizure, a child loses consciousness and shakes uncontrollably. Less often, a...

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