Bells palsy, (Bell's palsy)
- Article
- 2021-03-05
Bell's palsy is a form of temporary facial paralysis resulting from damage or trauma to the 7th cranial nerve, one of the facial nerves. It is the most common cause of facial paralysis. In general, Bell's palsy affects only one side of the face, but it can affect both sides. Symptoms vary from person to person and include sudden weakness on one side of the face, drooping eyelid or mouth corner, drooling, inability to close the eye or mouth, changed taste, and excessive watering in the eye. Symptoms appear suddenly and reach their peak within 72 hours. Bell's palsy can range in severity from mild weakness to total paralysis and can cause significant facial distortion. The exact cause of Bell's palsy isn't known, but many scientists believe that reactivation of a dormant viral infection can cause the facial nerve to swell and become inflamed. Several other conditions can cause facial paralysis that can be diagnosed as Bell's palsy. The condition can affect anyone at any age. Risk factors include pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and upper respiratory tract disease.
Therapy
Steroids can increase the chance of recovery of facial nerve function. Antivirals (in addition to steroids) can help restore facial nerve function. Pain relievers such as aspirin, acetaminophen, or ibuprofen can relieve pain. Keeping the eye moist and protecting it from dirt and injuries, especially at night, is important. Lubricating eye drops can help. Other therapies, such as physical therapy, facial massage, or acupuncture, may provide minor improvement in facial nerve function and pain.
Prognosis
The prognosis for individuals with Bell's palsy is generally very good. The degree of nerve damage determines the degree of recovery. With or without treatment, most people start to get better within two weeks of the onset of symptoms, and most recover some or all of the facial functions within six months. Some individuals may experience moderate to severe side effects. In some cases, residual muscle weakness may last longer or be permanent.
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